Subaru has built a strong reputation for its reliable and innovative engineering, and at the heart of this success is its Symmetrical All-Wheel Drive (AWD) system. You may have heard about how this system enhances Subaru vehicles’ performance and stability, but how does it actually work? What makes it different from other AWD systems out there?
What is Subaru’s Symmetrical All-Wheel Drive
Subaru’s Symmetrical AWD is an all-wheel-drive system designed to deliver continuous power to all four wheels of the vehicle at the same time. Unlike other AWD systems that activate the rear wheels only when the front ones slip, Subaru's system is always active. This provides enhanced traction, stability, and control regardless of road conditions. The system is called “symmetrical” because the drivetrain is perfectly balanced from front to rear, creating a linear power flow that maximizes efficiency and ensures optimal performance.
How Symmetrical AWD Benefits Drivers
You may be wondering why Subaru's AWD system is so widely praised. It all boils down to safety, handling, and fuel efficiency. Let’s dive into these key benefits.
1. Superior Traction in All Conditions
One of the standout features of Subaru’s Symmetrical AWD is its ability to handle varying road conditions. Whether you're driving on rain-soaked streets, navigating snow-covered highways, or hitting a dirt trail, the system ensures that power is delivered to all four wheels equally. This prevents any single wheel from spinning out of control, providing more grip where it’s needed. As a result, you experience a smoother drive with less chance of slipping or skidding, especially in adverse weather conditions.
2. Enhanced Vehicle Stability
Subaru’s AWD system is designed to enhance vehicle stability by maintaining a balanced weight distribution. The engine is mounted in line with the drivetrain, ensuring that the vehicle has a low center of gravity. This helps in reducing body roll and enhances cornering performance, giving you more confidence when making sharp turns or tackling winding roads. Additionally, the constant power delivery to all wheels reduces the chances of oversteering or understeering, which is critical for keeping control on slippery surfaces.
3. Improved Handling
Handling is where Subaru’s Symmetrical AWD really shines. Since the system is always active, there’s no lag in response time like with some part-time AWD systems. The linear layout of the drivetrain creates a perfect balance between the front and rear axles, allowing the vehicle to glide through corners with more agility. This makes for a more engaging and dynamic driving experience, whether you're on a daily commute or exploring off-road terrain.
The Mechanics Behind Subaru’s Symmetrical AWD
So, how does Subaru’s AWD system actually work from a mechanical standpoint? It all starts with the drivetrain. Unlike traditional AWD systems that might be tacked on to front-wheel-drive layouts, Subaru’s AWD is designed from the ground up. Here are the key components:
Horizontally Opposed Engine (Boxer Engine)
Subaru's AWD system is paired with a horizontally opposed engine, or Boxer engine. This engine design allows for a low center of gravity, as the engine sits lower in the frame of the car. The lower center of gravity improves vehicle balance and handling.
Direct Power Flow
In Subaru’s Symmetrical AWD system, power flows directly from the engine to the wheels without having to navigate complex gears and mechanisms. This allows the vehicle to deliver power to the road more efficiently and with less mechanical resistance, improving both acceleration and fuel economy.
Center Differential
A center differential is what allows the front and rear wheels to spin at different speeds while maintaining power to both sets of wheels. This is crucial for maintaining control when turning, as the wheels on the inside of a turn need to rotate slower than the wheels on the outside.
Different Types of Subaru’s AWD Systems
Not all Subarus use the same AWD system. Depending on the model and transmission type, Subaru vehicles come equipped with slightly different versions of AWD to optimize performance for various driving styles.
Active Torque Split AWD
Found in models with automatic transmissions, this system uses sensors to detect road conditions and adjust the power distribution between the front and rear wheels.
Viscous Center Differential AWD
Common in models with manual transmissions, this system splits power evenly between the front and rear wheels but can adjust the torque in response to wheel slippage.
Driver-Controlled Center Differential AWD
This system, available in high-performance models like the WRX STI, allows drivers to manually adjust how power is distributed between the front and rear wheels.
Why Subaru’s AWD Stands Out
Subaru’s AWD is more than just a selling point—it’s a fundamental aspect of the driving experience. Unlike many other manufacturers that offer AWD as an optional feature, Subaru integrates its Symmetrical AWD as a core component across nearly all models. This commitment to AWD ensures that every Subaru driver enjoys the same level of confidence and control on the road, regardless of the model they choose.
When your Subaru's AWD needs inspection or repair, don't hesitate to bring it to Rocky Mountain Car Care. Our team is experienced in maintaining Subaru vehicles, ensuring your car systems stay in peak condition.